NALP1/NLRP1 is able to form cytoplasmic structures termed death effector filaments. It enhances and stimulates apoptosis through activation of different caspase cascades. It is involved in the activation of caspase-1 and caspase-5 as part of the NALP1 inflammasome complex which leads to processing and release of IL1B and IL18. Genetic variations in the NLRP1/NALP1 gene are associated with susceptibility to vitiligo-associated multiple autoimmune disease type 1, an autoimmune disorder characterized by the association of vitiligo with several autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases including autoimmune thyroid disease, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.