Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. This gene product is a type I membrane protein that is highly expressed in normal tissues, such as kidney, colon and pancreas, and has been found to be overexpressed in 10% of clear cell renal carcinomas. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Liu, Jing, Guo: "Clinical impact and reliability of carbonic anhydrase XII in the differentiation of malignant and tuberculous pleural effusions." in: Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, Vol. 14, Issue 1, pp. 351-4, (2013) (PubMed).