STING-selective antibodies were generated against peptides taken from the human STING protein sequence. The STING-selective antibodies were affinity purified on an immobilized antigen based affinity matrices, the isolated antibodies were then stabilized in antibody stabilization buffer for long-term storage. The anti-STING-selective antibodies are fully characterized for applications in western blotting and ELISA at the recommended dilutions. The Supplier provides STING western blot positive controls samples in SDS-PAGE sample buffer. Synonyms: Stimulator of interferon gene protein, trans-membrane protein 169
纯化方法
Affinity Purified
免疫原
Synthetic peptide taken within amino acid region 315-350 of STING protein.
Antibodies were tested in ELISA and western blotting applications at 1:500 dilution using ABIN1686775 samples. Antibody dilutions for these antibodies are for reference only, investigators are expected to determine the optimal conditions. Application of this antibody in other protocols has not yet tested. WB: > 1:500 IMM & IP pull-down assays: N.D. . IHC: N.D. . Investigators using this antibody in protocols other than listed above can request a complimentary sample of this antibody. N.D. not necessarily means the antibody is not suitable for that application, it simply means we have not yet characterized the antibody in that application. The antibody labels a strong band of STING of 46 kDa in ABIN1686775 samples and in several cell lines. The antibody also labels two bands at 67 and 74 kDa, the identity of these bands are notknown but may represent splice variants of this protein.
限制
仅限研究用
状态
Liquid
浓度
0.57 μg/μL
储存条件
-20 °C
储存方法
Storage of very dilute antibody solutions is not recommended.
抗原
STING/TMEM173 (TMEM173)
(Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173))
别名
TMEM173
背景
Viral infection stimulate several transcription factors including NK-kB, IRF3 which stimulate the secretion of type I interferon and innate antiviral response. Stimulator of interferon gene protein (STING) also known as MITA is a critical adapter protein that links virus sensing receptors to transcription factor IRF3 activation in response to both RNA and DNA pathogens. The mechanism thru which interferons are induced by cytosolic DNA involves cyclic GMP-AMP synthase which binds and activates the endoplasmic reticulum adapter protein STING, also known as MITA, MPYS, or ERIS that activates the transcription activity of interferon syntheses. The STING recruits and activates the cytosolic kinase IKK and TBK1, which activates the transcription factor NF-kB and transcription fctor IRF3. The NF-kB and IRF3 enters the nucleus and in concert induce interferons and other cytokines. The DNA-dependent RNA Polymerease III also cts as a sensor and synthesize AT-rich DNA such as poly(dA:dT) in to n RNA ligand that stimulates RIG-1 pathway to induce interferons (1, 2). The ubiquitination of STING by E3ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif protein 32 (TRIM32) ubiquitinated STING and dramatically enhanced STING mediated induction of IFN-b. DNA can be introduced by viral or bacterial infection, or leakage form nucleus or mitochondria under some pathological conditions that cause auto immune disease like Lupus. Since most DNA do not activate DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and downstream RIG1 pathways, but instead activate STING pathway via cGAS and cGAMP stimulation for interferon induction. STING functions both as an adaptor protein signaling cytoplasmic dsDNA and direct immuno sensor of cGAMP. In presence of cGAMP, the two surface loops of STING serves as gate and latch of the cleft formed by the dimeric STING(CTD), undergo rearrangement to interact with ligand. Dengue virus (DENV) inhibits type I interferon production to efficiently infect humans. This inhibition in INF production was effectively carried out by DENV protease NS2B3 on STING. Interestingly mouse STING is resistant to NS2B3 protease of DENV, thus it severely restrict the replication of DENCV in mice .